Structural analysis | Bond properties between corrosion resistant reinforcing steel and concrete.
This research program aimed to identify differences in the bond characteristics of corrosion resistant steel bars embedded in concrete relative to standard ASTM A615 reinforcing steel.
An experimental program was conducted where reinforcing steel bars were embedded in blocks of concrete and then pulled out while recording tensile load and bar slip
Beam End Test Specimen Dimensions and Details:
The typical beam end test specimen is a 24 in. by 11.25 in. by 9 in. concrete block with a reinforcing steel bar embedded as shown in Figure 11. Grouped forms were constructed out of 0.75 in. thick plywood and 2 in. x 12 in. boards, such that 1 form could hold 9 individual specimens.
The reinforcing steel was embedded in the concrete with a bonded length, Le=4 in. The short bonded length, achieved by embedding the majority of the bar in 1 in. diameter polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe, was employed to encourage a pullout failure of the bar from the concrete before bar yielding.
that preliminary tests documented in Johnson (2010) demonstrated that for Le 5 in. the steel yielded before bar pullout for the #4 bars. The experiments described in the following sections demonstrate that even with Le=4 in. that many of the #4 bars failed by yielding, an unexpected result.
Beam End Test Frame Details:
The beam end tests were performed with the structural loading frame
The frame provided a self-equilibrating reaction for a 50 kip MTS tension/compression servo controlled hydraulic actuator that pulled on the test bar embedded in the beam end specimen
The moment frame was flanked by two W21x55 beams anchored to the structure’s lab reaction floor.
A steel C8x13.75 beam spanned between the W21x55 beams and served as the lateral compression reaction at the top of the beam end specimen
A steel 4x4x¼ square HSS section served as the bottom lateral compression reaction. A built-up steel angle spanned between the W21x55 floor beams to provide the compression reaction across the top of each specimen
The compression brace was anchored to the floor beams with two 1 in. diameter A325 bolts tightened to a torque of 80 lb·ft. with an impact wrench
Relative Rib Area and Load-Slip Response:
Although the primary focus of this study was to explore the load-slip behavior between CRR bar types, the testing results have made it clear that relative rib area is the most influential parameter affecting load-slip response
Another important observation from this study was that stainless steel had on average a lower bond stiffness than A615 steel when comparing bars with similar relative rib areas.
Another important observation from this study was that stainless steel had on average a lower bond stiffness than A615 steel when comparing bars with similar relative rib areas.
Effect of Epoxy Coating on Load-Slip Response:
The load-slip response clearly demonstrate that the Zbar epoxy coating reduces the chemical adhesion between concrete and the reinforcing steel, however the presence of epoxy does not influence the mechanical bond stiffness and bond strength when comparing A615 bars with similar relative rib areas.
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civil engineering structural | Analysis of the relative rib area of reinforcing bars pull out tests : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nT8zy_WHgjE
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1) General Introduction
Screw press is mainly used for the fowl manure, Cow Dung Dewatering. This machine can press out about 20% water in the Cow Dung.
2) Structure
Screw press consists of cylinder filtering drum and diameter change screw (The inner diameter increases gradually, the outer diameter is invariant) that form a close compress room. At the end of the screw, pneumatic backpressure disc is added for shaft dewatering and automatic control.
3) Working Principal
After entering the screw press, as the screw shaft turning, the Cow Dung is pushed forward. Because the close room becomes smaller and smaller, and the Cow Dung is pushed by the backpressure disc, filtrate is squeezed out. Cow Dung is discharged between the end of the screw and the pneumatic back pressure disc. Filtrate which goes through the screen flows into the collecting box from the bottom of the envelope.
Shaft dewatering can make dewatering effect consistent inside and outside of the compressed Cow Dung layer. Big compression ratio screw shaft and pneumatic backpressure disc make the Cow Dung highly dried to meet the required consistency for the following stage. The pneumatic backpressure disc can automatically control the discharging pressure, making the dryness of the discharged Dung uniform and steady.
4) Detailed Product Description
This is a good machine for fertilizer. It can separate the organic fertilizer from the desired raw material, fowl manure and others. The machine uses the pump to pull the fowl manure, Cow Dung, etc, into the dewater equipment, the material through the screen and then press by the screw, the rotary speed of the machine can reach 45 RPM, within the press of the screen and high rotary speed, the material will be dewatered by the machine and the water will enter into the pool through screen.
5) Features
1. Extrusion spiral:twins wing blades,made of stainless steel , corrosion resisting and wear-resisting because of the special processing.
2. Filter sieve:made of stainless steel, precision processing;Using different specifications sieve according to the customer’s different materials
3. The adjustable discharging material:according to your diffferent requirements on the extrusion final product, you can adjust additional weight block.
6) Technical Specification
Technical Specification- Dewatering Machine
Model
RJK DWM 3
Capacity ( CBM / Hr)
Cow dung
Pig Manure
Poultry Dung
4 – 6 CBM / Hr
5 – 12 CBM / Hr
2 – 4 CBM / Hr
Electric Motor
7.5 H.P.